Plant stem cells extracted from a noble variety of Swiss apple have been utilized in Krayna's anti-aging serum. This ingredient was intentionally included in the anti-aging formula due to its demonstrated regenerative potential on human skin stem cells in laboratory studies. Its effectiveness was tested under a microscope and on mature volunteers.

Its effects have been confirmed to:

• Support the functions of stem cells in the epidermis.
• Improve the ability of dermal stem cells to rebuild the skin layer, thus aiding in wound healing.
• Enhance skin density and structure, and reduce wrinkles around the eyes.

Krayna ensures the quality and safety of its cosmetics. Hence, the anti-aging serum formula includes a patented extract with Swiss apple stem cells. This is the first ingredient on the market with plant stem cells, whose anti-aging effects have been proven on human stem cells.

To ensure that Krayna's anti-aging serum supports our skin's microbiome, a unique patented ingredient—Leuconostoc/Radish Root Ferment Filtrate—was added to the formula. This filtrate has demonstrated its versatile properties through numerous studies, making it an ideal component in a concentrated serum suitable for all skin types for both women and men. The filtrate is obtained by fermenting radish root in the presence of the lactic acid bacterium Leuconostoc kimchii. These bacteria convert sugars into lactic acid, which has antibacterial properties, inhibits fungal growth, and enhances epidermal hydration.

Studies on Leuconostoc filtrate on healthy skin have shown a 24% improvement in skin hydration after 4 weeks of use and a 27% reduction in transepidermal water loss (TEWL) after 3 weeks. Additionally, in vivo studies on fibroblasts (cells in the dermis) have confirmed the regenerative properties of this ferment and its ability to support wound healing. The radish root fermentation filtrate also reduces the population of harmful bacteria like Propionibacterium sp., which are responsible for acne lesions such as papules, pustules, and comedones. Simultaneously, it promotes the growth of beneficial bacteria for the skin's microbiome, such as Corynebacterium and Staphylococcus sp. Research on the anti-acne properties of the radish root ferment showed a 24% reduction in acne lesions after 30 days of use. This ingredient is also considered a natural preservative for cosmetic formulations, making it a perfect fit for Krayna's brand philosophy.

The firming effects of apple stem cells were evaluated in a clinical study involving twenty-one women aged between 35 and 56 years.

Participants applied a cream containing 2% Malus Domestica or a placebo cream twice daily for 28 days, specifically targeting the "crow's feet" area, with each cream applied to one half of the face. Skin firmness was then measured using an indentometer.

The results demonstrated that treatment with Malus Domestica significantly increased skin firmness. In comparison to the placebo treatment, skin firmness improved by 6.9% after 28 days of treatment.

The depth of the "crow's feet" wrinkles was also assessed using a PRIMOSlite device and captured with high-resolution photography using the ColorFace system. The depth of the "crow's feet" wrinkles showed a further reduction of 11.1% compared to baseline conditions. This positive effect of Malus Domestica treatment was also evident in the high-resolution images taken with the ColorFace camera.

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